Located approximately 2,600 miles southwest of Hawaii in the South Pacific, the National Park of American Samoa stands as one of the most unique treasures in the U.S. National Park system. As the only American national park south of the equator, it preserves and protects not only spectacular natural landscapes but also the vibrant Samoan culture that has thrived on these islands for over 3,000 years.
Spread across three volcanic islands—Tutuila, Ofu, and Ta’ū—this park offers visitors a rare opportunity to experience pristine coral reefs, lush tropical rainforests, dramatic coastal cliffs, and the traditional way of life in an authentic Polynesian setting. Unlike most U.S. national parks, the land here isn’t federally owned but is leased from Samoan villages, creating a distinctive partnership that honors the local cultural connection to the land, which Samoans call their “sacred earth.”
Whether you’re seeking adventure among emerald peaks, tranquility on white sand beaches, or cultural immersion in one of the world’s oldest Polynesian societies, the National Park of American Samoa delivers experiences found nowhere else in the American park system.
The Three Islands of National Park of American Samoa
Tutuila Island
~2,500 ACRES · MAIN ISLAND
The largest and most populated island, Tutuila is home to the capital of Pago Pago and contains approximately 2,500 acres of parkland along with some offshore waters.
NOTABLE FEATURES
- The park’s headquarters and visitor center
- Mount Alava trail and summit with panoramic views of Pago Pago Harbor
- World War II gun emplacement sites at Breakers Point and Blunts Point
- Pola Island and the Lower Sauma Ridge Trail with tide pools
- Amalau Valley with flying fox (fruit bat) viewing opportunities
Ta’ū Island
5,400 ACRES · HIGHEST PEAK
The largest section of the park, covering about 5,400 acres of land and 1,000 acres of offshore waters. Ta’ū is more remote and much less developed than Tutuila.
NOTABLE FEATURES
- Lata Mountain, American Samoa’s highest peak at 3,170 feet
- The world’s tallest sea cliffs, rising nearly 3,000 feet from the ocean
- Pristine and largely untouched rainforest
- Saua, a village site on the east coast thought by some to be the birthplace of Polynesian culture
- Si’u Point Trail along the southern coastline
Ofu Island
70 ACRES · THE BEACH
The smallest unit of the park (70 acres of land, 400 acres of offshore waters), Ofu is known for its stunning beach and pristine coral reef.
NOTABLE FEATURES
- Two-mile-long white sand beach, often cited as one of the most beautiful in the world
- Exceptional snorkeling opportunities with healthy, vibrant coral
- Sunuitao Peak with views of the surrounding waters
- Research facilities studying the unusually resilient coral reef ecosystem
Things to Do at National Park of American Samoa
Hiking
The National Park of American Samoa offers a variety of hiking trails, ranging from easy beach walks to challenging mountain climbs. Some notable trails include:
Pola Island Trail
TUTUILA ISLAND
A short, easy walk with big rewards: views of the rugged coastline and Pola Island, a sanctuary for nesting seabirds along the South Pacific’s untouched shores.
Lower Sauma Ridge Trail
TUTUILA ISLAND
A gentle climb to an archaeological site with an ancient star mound, combining history with views of the northeast coastline and the Vai’ava Strait. Watch for Pola Island in the distance.
Tuafanua Trail
TUTUILA ISLAND
Switchbacks lead from Vatia village up through rainforest to a hidden coastline. The descent to a quiet, rocky beach uses ladders and ropes. Dangerous waves and currents—stay on land and enjoy the view.
Fatifati Auala Trail
TUTUILA ISLAND
An ancient path with rope-assisted sections leading to a historic village site and a sacred star mound. Stop at Fagaloa Viewpoint or continue to the Mt. ‘Alava summit. Steep, slippery, and narrow—proper footwear essential.
Mount ‘Alava Trail
TUTUILA ISLAND
A full-day climb through lush tropical rainforest, passing the park’s native-tree restoration efforts. The summit rewards you with sweeping panoramic views of the entire island.
Mount ‘Alava Adventure Trail
TUTUILA ISLAND
A loop for thrill-seekers: 56 ladders and 783 steps along ridgelines to the Mount ‘Alava summit. Steep inclines and rugged terrain make this a true challenge for experienced hikers.
Si’u Point Trail
TA’Ū ISLAND
Follow an old road through coastal forest to the culturally significant Saua site and the southeastern tip of Ta’ū Island—a longer hike rich in natural and cultural history.
Note that trail conditions can change rapidly due to weather and volcanic activity. Always check with the visitor center for current trail conditions before setting out.
Snorkeling and Marine Exploration
The park protects vibrant coral reef ecosystems, particularly around Ofu Island:
- Ofu Beach offers exceptional snorkeling with nearly 250 coral species and over 950 fish species
- Best snorkeling conditions are at high tide to ensure clearance over coral
- Snorkeling gear is not available for rent within the park, so bring your own equipment
- Wear protective clothing (rash guards, shirts) for sun protection
- Marine life to look for includes colorful tropical fish, sea turtles, reef sharks, and giant clams
Wildlife Viewing
The park’s ecosystems support diverse wildlife across land and sea:
Flying Foxes (Fruit Bats):
- The park’s most iconic land mammals, with wingspans up to three feet
- Best viewed at dawn and dusk as they forage for fruit
- Most commonly seen on Tutuila in Amalau Valley and around Pago Pago Harbor
Birds:
- Wattled honeyeaters, Samoan starlings, Pacific pigeons (lupe), and numerous seabirds
- The park is home to several endemic species found nowhere else
Marine Life:
- Seasonal humpback whales (August-October)
- Spinner dolphins, reef sharks, and sea turtles
- Nearly 900 species of fish
- Giant clams and diverse coral formations
Cultural Experiences
The park offers unique opportunities to experience Samoan culture:
Homestay Program:
- Stay with Samoan families in traditional villages
- Learn about daily life, customs, and traditions firsthand
- Participate in activities like preparing traditional foods, weaving, fishing, and tending plantations
- Fees vary by family and accommodations provided
- Arrangements must be made in advance through the park visitor center
Cultural Sites:
- Visit historical village sites
- See traditional star-shaped pigeon-catching mounds (star mounds)
- Learn about fa’a Samoa (the Samoan Way) through interactions with locals
Where to Eat in American Samoa
On Tutuila:
- Pago Pago and surrounding areas offer a variety of restaurants
- Options range from fast food to fine dining establishments
- Local Samoan cuisine is readily available, featuring dishes with taro, breadfruit, coconut, and fresh seafood
- Several grocery stores and markets for self-catering
On Ta’ū and Ofu:
- Very limited dining options
- A few small convenience stores with basic supplies
- No formal restaurants
- Homestay families typically provide meals
- Consider bringing some supplemental food items if staying for several days
Where to Stay in American Samoa National Park
Homestay Program
The park’s unique Homestay Program offers visitors the opportunity to live with Samoan families and experience the local culture firsthand:
- Available on all three islands
- Fees vary by family and type of accommodations
- Cultural activities are typically included
- Arrangements must be made in advance
- One of the most immersive cultural experiences available in any U.S. national park
Hotels and Lodging
On Tutuila:
- Several hotels and motels in and around Pago Pago
- Options include Sadie Thompson Inn, Sadies by the Sea Hotel, Tradewinds Hotel, and Pago Airport Inn
- Prices range from budget to mid-range by U.S. standards
On Ta’ū:
- Very limited accommodations, primarily through the Homestay Program
- No formal hotels or resorts
On Ofu:
- Limited accommodations available at Vaoto Lodge
- The Homestay Program offers additional options
Camping in American Samoa
Camping is not permitted anywhere within the National Park of American Samoa. All visitors must arrange lodging in hotels, guesthouses, or through the Homestay Program.
Essential Information
Address and Contact
Mailing Address:
National Park of American Samoa
MHJ Building, 2nd Floor
Pago Pago, AS 96799
Phone: 684-633-7082
Website: nps.gov/npsa
Operating Hours and Seasons
The National Park of American Samoa has no entrance gates or official operating hours – the park lands and waters are accessible year-round. However, the Visitor Center in Pago Pago has specific hours:
Visitor Center Hours:
- Monday through Friday: 8:00 AM – 3:30 PM
- Closed on weekends and federal holidays
Entrance Fees
Unlike most U.S. national parks, there are no entrance fees to visit the National Park of American Samoa. Access to all park areas is free of charge.
Climate and Weather
American Samoa has a tropical climate with consistently warm temperatures year-round:
- Temperature typically ranges from 70°F to 90°F (21°C to 32°C)
- High humidity throughout the year
- Annual rainfall between 100 and 200 inches
The islands have two primary seasons:
- Dry Season (June to September): Less rainfall and more comfortable conditions for hiking and outdoor activities
- Rainy Season (November to May): Frequent heavy downpours, especially in December through March
Basic Rules and Regulations
- Respect village customs and traditions when visiting park areas
- Dress modestly – women and men should cover shoulders and thighs when not swimming
- Ask permission before taking photographs of local people or entering village areas
- Cover swimwear with shorts and shirt when not in the water
- Collecting plants, animals, shells, or cultural artifacts is prohibited
- No camping is permitted anywhere in the park
- Pets are not allowed in many areas of the park
Getting There and Around
Flights to American Samoa
The only way to reach American Samoa is by air, with limited flight options:
- Hawaiian Airlines operates flights twice weekly between Honolulu and Pago Pago on Tutuila Island
- Flight time from Honolulu is approximately 5.5 hours
- Total journey time from the continental United States is about 14 hours, including a layover in Honolulu
Inter-Island Transportation
To visit the other islands within the park:
- Tutuila to Ta’ū: 30-minute flights operate several times weekly from Pago Pago
- Ta’ū to Ofu: Small boat service operated by local fishermen (weather dependent and not always reliable)
- Tutuila to Ofu: Limited flights (typically twice weekly) from Pago Pago
Getting Around Tutuila
- Rental Cars: Available from several companies at the airport, recommended for maximum flexibility
- Aiga Buses: Colorful, independently-owned buses that run along the main roads of Tutuila until about 5:00 PM daily; costs are minimal, and you can flag them down anywhere along their routes
- Taxis: Available in Pago Pago and can be hired for island tours
- Hitchhiking: Common and generally safe on the islands, especially for solo or pairs of travelers
Getting Around Ofu and Ta’ū
Transportation options on the outer islands are limited:
- Walking is the primary mode of transportation
- Few, if any, rental cars are available
- Limited taxi services may be available
Best Time to Visit American Samoa
JUNE – SEPTEMBER
Dry Season
- Ideal conditions for hiking, snorkeling, and other outdoor activities
- Less rainfall and more comfortable humidity levels
- Peak visibility for snorkeling
- Generally considered the best overall time to visit
OCT–NOV & APR–MAY
Shoulder Seasons
- Fewer visitors
- Variable weather, with increasing rainfall in November and decreasing in April-May
- Good conditions for wildlife viewing
- Potentially lower prices for accommodations
DECEMBER – MARCH
Rainy Season
- Frequent heavy downpours, especially in afternoon hours
- Higher humidity
- Potential for tropical storms
- Some trails may be impassable due to muddy conditions
- Less ideal for hiking, but marine life viewing can still be excellent
Cultural Etiquette in American Samoa
Understanding and respecting Samoan customs is essential for a positive experience:
- Dress Modestly: Samoans are traditionally conservative; cover shoulders and knees when in villages
- Village Protocol: When entering a village, wait to be acknowledged before proceeding
- Photography: Always ask permission before photographing people or village activities
- Sunday Observance: Sunday is strictly observed as a day of worship and rest in many villages
- Gift Giving: Consider bringing small gifts for hosts if participating in the Homestay Program
- Respect for Elders: Show deference to village elders and chiefs
- Body Language: Avoid pointing with fingers (use your chin instead) and sitting with legs extended towards others
- Shoes Off: Remove shoes before entering traditional Samoan homes (fales)
Practical Tips for Visiting American Samoa
What to Pack
- Lightweight, modest clothing with good coverage for sun protection
- Rain gear (even during dry season)
- Insect repellent
- Sunscreen (reef-safe preferred for snorkeling)
- Snorkeling equipment (not available for rent in the park)
- Sturdy hiking shoes that can handle mud
- Daypack with water bottle
- Basic first aid supplies
- Cash (credit cards not widely accepted outside Pago Pago)
Health and Safety
- No special vaccinations required, but routine immunizations should be up-to-date
- Mosquito-borne diseases exist; use protection
- Bring any necessary medications; pharmacy options are limited
- Be aware of potential hazards: slippery trails, strong currents, sharp coral
- The islands are in a seismically active area; know tsunami evacuation routes
Communication
- Limited cell phone service, especially outside Pago Pago
- Wi-Fi available at some accommodations in Pago Pago, but generally slow
- International roaming or local SIM cards can provide service on Tutuila
- Very limited connectivity on Ta’ū and Ofu
Frequently Asked Questions About American Samoa
Do I need a passport to visit American Samoa?
Yes. Although American Samoa is a U.S. territory, travel to and from the islands is considered international. U.S. citizens need a passport for entry and return to the mainland.
How do I participate in the Homestay Program?
Contact the park visitor center well in advance of your visit. They maintain a list of participating families and can help arrange your stay based on your preferences and timing.
Can I camp in the national park?
No. Camping is not permitted anywhere within the National Park of American Samoa. Visitors must stay in hotels, guesthouses, or with families through the Homestay Program.
How many days should I plan to visit?
A minimum of 5-7 days is recommended to visit Tutuila and at least one outer island. If you want to visit all three islands with park units, plan for 10-14 days due to limited inter-island transportation.
What languages are spoken in American Samoa?
Both Samoan and English are official languages. Most residents speak Samoan as their first language, but English is widely understood, especially in areas frequented by tourists.
Are there restaurants and shops near the park?
Tutuila has restaurants, shops, and markets, primarily in and around Pago Pago. The outer islands have very limited options – just a few small convenience stores with basic supplies.
Is it possible to see all three islands in the park?
Yes, but it requires careful planning due to limited transportation between islands. Flights to Ta’ū operate a few times weekly, and travel to Ofu may depend on weather conditions and availability of boat transfers.
What wildlife might I see in the park?
Flying foxes (fruit bats), tropical birds, reef sharks, sea turtles, giant clams, and numerous species of colorful fish. If visiting between August and October, you might also spot humpback whales.
How difficult are the hiking trails?
Trails range from easy beach walks to challenging mountain climbs. Many trails can be muddy and slippery, particularly during the rainy season. The Mount Alava trail on Tutuila and routes on Ta’ū can be strenuous.
Can I drive around the islands?
On Tutuila, rental cars are available and driving is a convenient way to explore. On Ta’ū and Ofu, transportation options are extremely limited, and walking is the primary way to get around.
Plan Your American Samoan Adventure Today
Remember that the National Park of American Samoa offers an experience unlike any other in the U.S. National Park system. Its remote location, tropical environment, and integration with Samoan culture create both unique opportunities and logistical challenges. Thorough preparation and an open, respectful mindset will help ensure a rewarding visit to this South Pacific paradise.
Always check the official National Park of American Samoa website or contact the visitor center directly for the most current information before planning your trip.
